WHAT IS CONTRACEPTION?
Contraception is a way to prevent pregnancy. There are many different types of contraception and some are more effective than others.
HOW DO CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS WORK?
Although different contraception methods work in different ways, contraception generally prevents sperm and egg from meeting which is how a pregnancy starts.
DO ALL METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION WORK AS WELL AS OTHERS?
Some forms of contraception are more effective than others. Some, particularly Long Acting Reversible Contraception (LARCs) are more than 99% effective at preventing pregnancy.
Your doctor can talk with you about making sure your contraception is as effective as possible – for instance, taking a hormonal contraceptive pill every day, without a monthly break.
DOES CONTRACEPTION STOP SEXUALLY TRANSMISSIBLE INFECTIONS (STIS)?
Only condoms and internal condoms give protection against STIs as well as pregnancy. They must be used correctly and used every time you have sex.
Other methods only protect against pregnancy.
HOW DO YOU KNOW WHICH METHOD TO USE?
Different methods suit different people. Your choice of contraception may change depending on your age, your health and the status of your relationship.
The doctor will ask about your health condition and any medical conditions so they can recommend the safest contraception for you.
There are many different types of contraception, with varying rates of effectiveness depending on correct usage. Some methods may be obtained over the counter, others may require medical advice or even surgical intervention.
Health care providers play an important role in helping people find and use a method that is both effective and acceptable. Methods include:
Hormonal contraceptive methods
Usually oral pills or implants, patches or vaginal rings. They release small amounts of one or more hormones which prevent ovulation.
Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
Devices inserted into the uterus where they release either a copper component or a small amount of a hormone (Levnorgesterol) to prevent the sperm from reaching the egg.
Emergency contraception
It is possible to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or if contraception has failed, either with a pill or with an IUD. There is a five-day window for this.
Condoms
Male condoms sheath a penis. Female condoms fit loosely inside a vagina. Both form a barrier that prevent sperm and egg from meeting. Sterilization Considered a permanent method that blocks sperm in men and eggs in women. Voluntary and informed choice is essential.